Insulin Discovered
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In 1920, Dr. Frederick Banting wanted to make a pancreatic extract, which he hoped would have anti-diabetic qualities. In 1921, at the University of Toronto, Canada, along with medical student Charles Best, they managed to make the pancreatic extract. The process they left behind islets which were isolated and turned into isletin, or more commonly insulin.
Penicillin
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in 1928 bacteriologist Alexander Fleming grew a plate culture of Staphylococcus which he observed produced a substance that killed a number of disease-killing bacteria. He later became credited with the discovery of penicillin.